HoseLink is a small, family owned garden hose manufacturing and distribution business located within a busy business hub of the Perth metro area. HoseLink employ ten people, two of which are the owners of the business. Despite being a small business, HoseLink has an annual turnover exceeding AUD $5 million. HoseLink purchases products online from overseas and redistributes the products to both companies and consumers throughout Australia. As an online business-2-business (B2B) operation, the success of the company requires that the integrity and availability of their data and systems is maintained. The company uses email as its main form of communication and stores all purchase/sales data in numerous Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. In recent years the company has suffered a series of unrelated cyber security breaches. The costs of these breaches are difficult to quantify. It is known that over time orders and customer data were lost. Some repeat customers have taken their business elsewhere.
HoseLink adopted a BYOD model in 2015. In 2020 an employee’s laptop hard drive crashed, and all data was lost – this incident resulted in the company losing all prior purchase records and took 3-months to restore the records. In recent months, one employee’s laptop was targeted with ransomware and the company paid the ransom as they could not afford the downtime. At the start of 2021, one employee left their laptop unattended in their vehicle. The vehicle was broken into, and the laptop was stolen. It was later discovered that some of the company’s financial data ended up on the Internet. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in employees working from home until a vaccine is made available. The manager has emailed you the following additional information pertaining to the business.
An informal survey of employees showed that the majority were using Windows 10 and automatic updates were enabled.
No one is using any security software beyond the Windows 10 defaults.
There are currently no policies or rules guiding employees on how to best utilise resources and conform to ideal cyber security conscious behaviours.
Confidential data is emailed/stored without using any cryptographic techniques.
On January 20th, 2020 an employee found a USB flash drive in the car park and plugged it into their computer. Since then, the employee has claimed that the computer appears to have “a mind of its own”.
On February 12th, 2020 the manager admitted to falling victim to a phishing attack which compromised their Gmail account. The attackers were able to exfiltrate all the manager’s email contacts. It is known that at least one customer was convinced to update their banking records for the manager and remit invoices to the wrong accounts.
At present anyone within the business can access any of the company records.
Meetings are undertaken using MS Teams. During a recent meeting the manager advised that all employees will be required to install and use Hubstaff to track their activity during business hours.
Personal information and credit card details of existing customers are stored in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. A copy of the spreadsheet is available on each employee’s computer.
Every employee has access to the generic HoseLink email account hosted by Gmail.
In 2017, an employee was dismissed as they were caught accessing confidential information, which they should not have access too.
The employees are very comfortable, and reluctant to change their current cyber security behaviours. Many of the employees believe that the company is functioning correctly and does not need a new cyber security operational model. Overall the cyber security culture is very poor.
The employees are concerned that the introduction of any cyber security solutions may infringe upon their privacy.
Instructions
You have been hired to identify the three most significant cyber security issues facing HoseLink in 2021 and then devise three security solutions. As we are in the middle of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, you are unable to visit the site and conduct a more formal investigation of the IT environment. As a result you will need to develop your proposal based on the information available to you. The HoseLink manager is committed to addressing the cyber security issues and improving the culture of the workplace, and has allocated AUD $100,000 to this project. The HoseLink manager has little understanding and knowledge of the prominent threats that could target the company. Thus, the manager has requested that you compile a small, succinct report that justifies the three most significant cyber security issues and their accompanying solutions. In producing your solution, you should address the following core requirements:
Using contemporary literature, data, credible statistics and news media, convince the manager which three security issues must be addressed. The manager does not want an outline of the issues but rather an evidence based justification.
Propose and justify three holistic countermeasures to address the security issues. For each solution, effectively communicate and convince the manager that the countermeasure that you propose is superior to any alternatives available. In formulating your proposed countermeasures you must provide a detailed costing of the initial and any potential future costs for up to two years.
Clearly evaluate and declare any ethical, legal or technical issues/challenges arising from the countermeasures that you are proposing.
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