I have attached a pdf of the map I want you to use for this lab in Sakai under Streams and Watershed Lab in the assignments tab.
Part 1
1. Determine the gradient (slope) along the following stretches (in feet/miles). Remember, to measure a gradient (slope), pick two points along the stream and determine their elevations using the contour lines. Then, measure the distance between them (measure along the stream). Gradient can be calculated by dividing the difference in elevation (in feet) by the distance between the two points (in miles).
a. Along Cedar Creek in the forested section of this map (southeast corner) between sections 22 and 29.
b. Along Cedar Creek on the alluvial fan (just pick one of the distributaries to measure)
c. Along the Madison River
2. What main stream channel types (braided, meandering or straight) are…
a. Along Cedar Creek in the forested section of this map (southeast corner) between sections 22 and 29.
b. Along Cedar Creek on the alluvial fan
c. Along the Madison River
3. Based on your data, what relationship do you see between gradient (from Question #1) and stream channel type (from Question #2)?
4. What was the source of the sediments that have accumulated on the Cedar Creek Alluvial Fan?
5. What happens to the stream gradient along Cedar Creek as it enters the alluvial fan? How does this contribute to the formation of the alluvial fan?
Part 2 – Evaluating Eno River, New Hope Creek, and Haw River using the USGS Streamer Website
1. Go to the USGS Streamer website. For hints on how best to use this website, you can watch this short video. Click on ‘Go To Map’. Zoom into the Durham area and find the Eno River. Click on ‘Trace Downstream’ on the top bar of the website and then click the curser on Eno River. Describe the path (which rivers) that the water that flows in the Eno River will follow as it flows downstream to sea level. Include a general compass direction and try and describe the drainage pattern.
2. Click on ‘Trace Report’ and view the ‘Detailed Report’.
a. In how many named streams does the water flow downstream from this point?
b. Through how many cities does the water flow downstream from this point?
c. What is the total length of this stream trace?
d. Repeat these steps for the New Hope Creek and Haw Rivers.
3. Go back to map, click on ‘Trace Upstream’ and then click near the word Falls River Reservoir. Eno River isn’t the only stream that flows into Falls Lake. Click on ‘Trace Report’ and view the ‘Detailed Report’.
a. How many named streams flow into Falls Lake?
b. Through how many cities do these streams flow through?
c. What is the total length of this stream trace?
d. Repeat the above steps for the Haw River. Click near where Deep River meets the Haw River just south of Jordan Lake.
4. Why would a community located on or near a stream want to know where its stream water comes from?
5. Why would a community located on or near a stream want to know where its water goes after passing its community?
Discussion/Reflection:
• Judging from the flow of the Eno, New Hope, and Haw Rivers where is the divide that separates Durham from Raleigh watersheds? ( about 5 sentences)
• How has land use in both watersheds likely affected the water cycle (runoff, infiltration, and transpiration)? ( about 5 sentences)
• What kind of contaminants might be found in a watershed that has homes, roads, and a college campus? (HINT: What are the most frequent water quality concerns in the Neuse River or Cape Fear River watershed?) ( about 5 sentences)
•
• How might the forest protect this stream quality? (HINT: How is the quality of streams in the Neuse River watershed and Cape Fear watershed being restored?) ( about 5 sentences)
Conclusions:
• What do you think is the value of protecting stream environments in a rapidly growing city like Raleigh?
( One paragraph)
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