Discussion: The LIS Evidence Base
NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT:Discussion: The LIS Evidence Base
Secondly, calls are increasingly being made at a national and international level to develop the LIS evidence base, both in terms of primary/original research and secondary/synthesized research in the form of reviews. Finally, there is mounting recognition that the systematic consideration of previously published research may be a more effective way of targeting funds than simply commissioning further primary research.
The typology presented in this paper provides an explicit basis for those involved in commission- ing reviews, and those involved in delivering to such commissions, to gain a clear understanding of what is being requested and the resources that will be required to meet the specification.
Using reviews
For the LIS evidence base to be transformed from its current embryonic state to provide a firm foundation on which to base professional practice requires expansion of both the breadth and quality of the evidence being created. Whilst LIS practitioners may be more predisposed than other professions to the inherent advantage of using pre-existing evidence, the potential panacea of reviews and their associated methodologies remains a distant prospect. However, whether the evidence takes the form of primary or secondary studies, it is equally important to undertake an appraisal of quality. This should consider both its robustness (validity and reliability) and its relevance to the local context (applicability). Work on developing critical appraisal skills to inform the practice of LIS workers was first reported in 1999.49 At that time, it was noted that information workers face significant barriers with regard to lack of knowledge of research methodology and statistics. From such small beginnings has grown a more widely spread awareness of critical appraisal and ongoing development of these skills. One study undertaken in the north-west of England reports that, of 55 librarians who responded to their survey, a significant 86% had attended appraisal skills training.50
A typology of reviews, Maria J. Grant & Andrew Booth
© 2009 The authors Journal compilation © 2009 Health Libraries Group. Health Information and Libraries Journal, 26, pp.91–108
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