FrictionPeter Jeschofnig, Ph.D. Version 42-0262-00-01LabReportAssistantThisdocumentisnotmeanttobeasubstituteforaformallaboratoryreport.TheLabReport Assistantissimplyasummaryofthe experiment’squestions,diagramsifneeded,anddatatables that shouldbeaddressedinaformallabreport.Theintentistofacilitatestudents’writingoflab reportsby providing this informationin an editable filewhichcan be sentto an instructor.ObservationsMassofblock: .419Kg Weight4.11NDataTable 1:FlatboardFlat BoardForce of KineticFriction,NForce of StaticFriction,NTrial 1.8N1.2NTrial 2.9N1.4NTrial 3.9N1.3NAverage.87N1.3NMass of block:.419 Kg Weight4.11 NDataTable 2:FlatBoard- Block SidewaysFlat Board – BlockSidewaysForce of KineticFriction,NForce of StaticFriction,NTrial 1.9N1.4NTrial 2.9N1.35NTrial 3.85N1.4NAverage.88N1.38NDataTable 3:DifferentSurfacesSurfaces Tried: Glass SurfaceForce of KineticFrictionForce of StaticFrictionTrial 1.4N.6NTrial 2.4N.6NTrial 3.3N.5NAverage.37N.57N DataTable 4:DifferentSurfacesSurfaces Tried:SandpaperForce of KineticFrictionForce of StaticFrictionTrial 11.3N1.7NTrial 21.4N1.8NTrial 31.4N1.7NAverage1.37N1.73NDataTable 5:DifferentSurfacesSurfacesTried:Wood on CarpetForce of KineticFrictionForce of StaticFrictionTrial 11.8N2.4NTrial 21.8N2.4NTrial 31.7N2.3NAverage1.77N2.37NDataTable 6:RaisedBoardHeightBaseLength?max?sTrial 125cm61cm22.3.41Trial 226cm64cm22.1.41Trial 325.5cm63cm22.40Average25.5cm62.67cm22.1.41Calculations1. Using the mass of the block and the average force of kinetic friction from Data Table 1, calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction from Equation 1:Ffr(k) = uk FN. Thereforemk = Ffr(k) / FN.87N= uk (4.11N)uk= .87N/4.11Nuk= .211N2. Using the mass of the block and the average force of kinetic friction from Data Table 2, calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction for the wood block sliding on its side. Record your results and see how it compares with the value of Uk obtainedfrom Data Table 1.Uk = Ffr(k) / FNUk= .88N/ 4.11NUk= .214NIt is very similar, which leads me to conclude that sliding friction is proportional to the mass of an object, not the surface area.3. From the data in Data Table 3, 4, and 5, compute the coefficient of static friction,Us, for theglass surface on wood, the sandpapered surface on wood, and wood on carpet, etc., fromeach of your three trials. Calculate an average value of Us. Record your results in your owndata sheets.GlassUs = Ffr(s) / FNUs= .6N/4.11, 6.N/4.11N, .5N/4.11NUs= .15N, .15N, .12NUs average= .14SandpaperUs = Ffr(s) / FNUs= 1.7N/4.11N, 1.8N/4.11N, 1.7N/4.11NUs= .41N, .44N, .41NUs average= .42NCarpetUs = Ffr(s) / FNUs= 2.4N/4.11N, 2.4N/4.11N, 2.3N/4.11NUs= .58N, .58N, .56NUs average= .57N4. From the data obtained in Data Table 6 calculateUs for wood on wood from each of your threetrials.Us = tan ? = sin ? max/ cos ? max or Us = tan ? = height/baseTrial 1= tan 22.3=.41 or 25/61 = .41Trial 2=tan 22.1= .41 or 26/64 =.41Trial 3= tan 22= .40 or 25.5/63=.405. Calculate an average value ofUs. Record your result on the data sheet.(.41+.41+.40)/3 = .41QuestionsA.Howdoesthecoefficientofstaticfriction comparewiththecoefficientofkineticfriction forthesamesurfacesand areas?The coefficient of static friction is always larger than kinetic friction for the same surfaces and areas. This is because it takes more force to get an object moving than to keep it moving.B. Why is it importanttoreduce frictionduring the operationof machinery?If you reduce friction during the operation of machinery you will increase the energy efficiency of the machine which will allow you to get more work done without having friction act against you.C. How does grease or oilaffectthecoefficientof friction?Oil and grease are used to decrease the friction between two objects. This allows machines to operate more efficiently by reducing energy lost.Summary- Overall I conducted an experiment to find out how much friction different surfaces had sliding over each other, and also wanted to find out if it took more force to get something moving or keep it moving. I learned that it takes more force to start something moving than to keep it moving, and also learned friction is proportional to mass of an object and texture rather than surface area. I also learned about how to calculate what degree an object will break free of friction if I know the coefficient of static friction, and how to find the coefficient given the height and length of a ramp that a block starts moving on
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