Chapter 4. The Scientific Method: The Gold Standard for Establishing Causality
Initial Postings: Read and reflect on the assigned readings for the week. Then post what you thought was the most important concept(s), method(s), term(s), and/or any other thing that you felt was worthy of your understanding in each assigned textbook chapter.
Your initial post should be based upon the assigned reading for the week, so the textbook should be a source listed in your reference section and cited within the body of the text. Other sources are not required but feel free to use them if they aid in your discussion.
Also, provide a graduate-level response to each of the following questions:
[Your post must be substantive and demonstrate insight gained from the course material. Postings must be in the student’s own words – do not provide quotes!]
[Your initial post should be at least 450+ words and in APA format (including Times New Roman with font size 12 and double spaced). Post the actual body of your paper in the discussion thread then attach a Word version of the paper for APA review]
The scientific method is a powerful tool for understanding the universe. It can be used to predict the future, test hypotheses, and learn more about our world. By following these steps, we can accurately determine whether a hypothesis is true or false.
Observation is the first step in the scientific method. The scientist observes data and makes a hypothesis about what they think it means.
Observation is a passive process that involves collecting data, not doing anything to change it or control it. It’s also important to note that observation doesn’t require knowing how something works–just that someone did something with it!
The second step of the scientific method is to infer. This means that you are going to make an assumption, or hypothesis, based on what you already know. For example, if a team of researchers is doing research on the effects of chocolate chip cookies on mice and they find that eating them makes them live longer than their peers who didn’t eat any cookies at all, then they can infer that eating chocolate chip cookies will help people live longer too!
Inference is a key part of this process because it helps us form our own conclusions about how things work or whether something works or not–it’s also called inductive reasoning because we use previous observations as evidence for our new conclusions (e.g., “I observed my pet cat eating food out of her bowl so I assume she likes being fed”). When someone uses inference in their reasoning process (as opposed to deduction), it’s called scientific method since we’re using our experiences here instead of just guessing blindly into something completely different from what we’ve observed before–that’s why I call deduction logic vs induction logic 🙂
A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a phenomenon. It’s the first step in the scientific method, and it is not a theory. A theory explains phenomena; it doesn’t explain why they occur or how they occur. In order to be considered valid, a hypothesis must be falsifiable–that is, it should be possible to disprove your proposed explanation through controlled experiments or observations.
A good example of this kind of thinking would be if you were trying to figure out what causes cancer cells to form in humans (or any other organism). You might come up with an idea that involves pollution from factories and cars–but then later on learn about some new findings about chemicals being released into our environment that cause lung cancer cells to grow very quickly! Now your initial theory has been proven wrong: something else must have caused this change instead of just pollution from car exhausts alone!
Experimentation is the most important part of the scientific method. It’s how we test hypotheses and learn about the world around us. When you conduct an experiment, you’re trying to figure out whether or not your hypothesis is true or false. You do this by performing an experiment on some kind of test subject (like mice or humans). If your hypothesis was true and it happens that way during your experiment, then you know that what you observed was actually due to something other than chance alone–which means that there’s something else going on besides random chance!
If an experiment does not produce results similar enough to those expected based on previous knowledge about how things work in this particular area then it may be time for some rethinking about where our current assumptions about reality come from; perhaps these assumptions need updating so that we can continue moving forward rather than standing still!
The result of the experiment is what happened. What did you observe? How did it compare with previous observations?
The conclusion is the summary of what you learned during your experiment. It should be based on the results of your experiment and how they relate to each other.
The conclusion should also support the hypothesis, inference, or theory that you used in preparing for this project.
For example: “I have found that when I give students a lecture about science and show them some examples from nature, they are more likely to remember it than if I simply tell them about it.”
The scientific method is a powerful tool for understanding the universe. It’s a process for answering questions about our world, learning about it and developing knowledge of it. The steps of this process are:
If there is no clear result after performing multiple tests, then you may need some additional information before making any conclusions about your results
The scientific method is a powerful tool for understanding the universe. It was created by the great minds of history, and it continues to be used today by scientists around the world. You can use this guide as a starting point for your own research into any topic you’re interested in, whether it’s biology or astronomy!
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