1) Planning involves which of the following?

Which of the following statements best illustrates the view of “utilitarianism”?I. From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.II. The risk reasonably to be perceived defines the duty to be obeyed and risks imports relation; it is risk to another or to others within the range of apprehension.III. An action is right when maximizing welfare and total well-being.IV. Individuals should pursue his or her own self-interest, even at the expense of others.Question 2The best example of a source for virtue ethics for a business isQuestion 3According to Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, which of the following is not a reason to allow corporations the right to spend money and advertise for political candidates?Question 4Which of the following views on outsourcing would be consistent with the free market ethics approach advocated by Milton Friedman?Question 5Corporate director or officer decisions to dedicate corporate funds for social causes is called:Question 6Under the legal doctrine of “employment at will” an employee can be lawfully terminated from her job for:I. wearing a shirt that clashes with her suitII. any non-discriminatory reasonIII. complaining about illegal activity in the workplaceIV. only for good causeQuestion 7In the essay, Work Matters, by law professor Marion Crain, all of the following are the result of working except:Question 8Exceptions to the rule of employment-at-will include which of the following?I. organization of unionsII. passage of Sarbanes Oxley ActIII. raising of public policy issuesIV. promise of implied-contract or covenant-of-good-faithQuestion 9The Constitution does not always protect free-speech rights for what public employees say on the job. Which of the following is true?Question 10To determine whether a public employee receives First Amendment protection from speech (and therefore cannot be fired for it), the Supreme Court has stated that all of the following are important except:Question 11As Facebook and other social media sites grow in users and popularityQuestion 12One reason employers use to justify giving honesty or integrity tests is:Question 13The Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 (ECPA):Question 14In considering the legality of employer interception of employee e-mails at work, pick the correct statement.I. Employees have complete expectation of privacy since they can select their password for in-house and remote access of e-mails.II. A subpoena is required by the employer to read any e-mail that is clearly marked “confidential” by the employee.III. No expectation of privacy exists over an employer-owned computer system at work.IV. Statement by the employer that e-mails are confidential and privileged cannot be later used by an employer to defeat an employee’s claim of privacyQuestion 15A majority of states have enacted “lifestyle rights laws” that protect workers’ off-duty activities including cases of smoking, cohabitation, drinking. and single parenthood. What is the least effective argument by an employer to regulate off-the-clock activities in a state that has not enacted such lifestyle rights legislation?Question 16Equal protection is the constitutional guarantee:Question 17John Smith was assaulted on the loading dock by a coworker, Jim Jones, at the Acme Widget Company. The attack was unprovoked by Smith. After the physical assault, there was an angry verbal exchange between the parties. The incident ended when Jones yelled that Smith was a “sissy” and “everybody knows you’re queer as a three dollar bill.” Which of the following statements best describes the outcome of the harassment lawsuit filed by Smith under The Civil Right Act of 1964?I. Sex discrimination is prohibited by federal law (The Civil Right Act of 1964).II. Sexual orientation discrimination is prohibited by federal law (The Civil Right Act of 1964).III. Suits based on harassment due to sexual orientation cannot prevail when based on local or state laws.IV. Sexual orientation discrimination is not prohibited by federal law (Title VII).Question 18All of the following are true statements regarding the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA, 29 U.S.C. §§ 2601, et seq.), EXCEPT which of the following?Question 19To establish a prima facie case of religious discrimination, the employee has to show all of the following except which one:Question 20A mayor serving in a major metropolitan area receives an internal memorandum indicating personnel at many police stations are single-race. At the time of the report, thirty percent of the police force was black or Hispanic. She immediately calls a press conference and orders transfer of police officers to achieve racial balance across the city. The transferred police offers sue on constitutional grounds. Assuming just these facts, what is the strongest argument that might be advanced by the transferred officers based on constitutional grounds?Question 21Typically individual stockholders are not held responsible for the actions of a corporation. Exceptions usually relate to comingling of funds, underinsuring, or similar actions by the corporate leadership. This is called:Question 22Employers have __________ been held criminally responsible for workplace injuries and deaths to workers.Question 23When an employee is injured on the job, that employee may:I. File a worker’s compensation claim and accept the government-determined value for the injury.II. File a tort claim in state court to recover damages above the worker’s compensation amount.III. File a complaint with OSHA to have the employer investigated and charged if violations are present.Question 24Which of the following is true about worker’s compensation in America?Question 25One example of modern day slavery, as discussed in the interview with Kevin Bales, is